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Capitulum XIII

Annus et mēnsēs

  • The fifth declension, on the model of diēs
  • The ablative that says when: mēnse, hōrā, nocte, hieme
  • ante and post before a time of day
  • Ranks, from fifth to twelfth, and the large numbers
  • The year, its months, its days and its four seasons
  • The superlative: altissimus, pulcherrimus, optimus

63 words

Chapter notebook

Words seen

  • annus year
  • mēnsis month
  • diēs day
  • hōra hour
  • tempus time, season
  • initium beginning, start
  • nox night
  • saeculum century
  • māne morning
  • merīdiēs midday, noon
  • vesper evening
  • lūx light
  • lūna moon
  • stēlla star
  • clārus bright, clear
  • obscūrus dark, dim
  • aestās summer
  • hiems winter
  • vēr spring
  • autumnus autumn
  • imber rain
  • nix snow
  • calidus warm, hot
  • frīgidus cold
  • quīntus fifth
  • sextus sixth
  • septimus seventh
  • octāvus eighth
  • nōnus ninth
  • decimus tenth
  • ūndecimus eleventh
  • duodecimus twelfth
  • faciēs face, appearance
  • fōrma shape, form
  • glaciēs ice
  • lacus lake
  • urbs city
  • tōtus whole, entire
  • exiguus small, scanty
  • aequus equal, level
  • superlātīvus superlative (sup.; the degree of the adjective in -issimus)
  • postrēmus last
  • dīmidius half
  • indēclīnābilis indeclinable
  • tunc then, at that time
  • nunc now
  • igitur therefore, so
  • item likewise, in the same way
  • ūndecim eleven (11)
  • trīgintā thirty (30)
  • sexāgintā sixty (60)
  • ducentī two hundred (200)
  • trecentī three hundred (300)
  • kalendae the Kalends (the 1st day of the Roman month)
  • nōnae the Nones (the 5th or 7th day of the Roman month)
  • īdūs the Ides (the 13th or 15th day of the Roman month)
  • aequinoctium equinox (the day when night equals day)
  • nōminō to name, to call
  • illūstrō to light up, to illuminate
  • incipiō to begin
  • operiō to cover
  • vel or
  • quandō when?

Sentences seen

  • Diēs duodecim hōrās habet.

    The day has twelve hours

  • Saeculum centum annōs habet.

    A century has a hundred years.

  • Nocte līberī dormiunt.

    At night the children sleep.

  • Post noctem diēs novus venit et duodecim hōrās habet.

    After night a new day comes and has twelve hours

  • Vesperō caelum obscūrum est, sed lūna clāra lūcet.

    In the evening the sky is dark, but the moon shines bright.

  • Lūx lūnae magna nōn est.

    The light of the moon is not great

  • Vesperō caelum obscūrum est.

    In the evening the sky is dark.

  • Nocte stēllae lūcent.

    At night the stars shine.

  • Vesperō caelum obscūrum est, sed lūna et stēllae clārae sunt.

    In the evening the sky is dark but the moon and stars are bright

  • Līvia aestāte in aquā lūdit, hieme in vīllā sedet.

    In summer Livia plays in the water, in winter she sits in the house.

  • Vēre avēs in silvā canunt.

    In spring the birds sing in the wood

  • Hieme aqua frīgida est.

    In winter the water is cold.

  • Aestās tempus calidum est.

    Summer is a warm season.

  • Autumnō imber cadit, sed hieme nix in montibus est.

    In autumn rain falls but in winter snow is in the mountains

  • Hōrā decimā Titus in hortō lūdit, hōrā ūndecimā in vīllā est.

    At the tenth hour Titus plays in the garden, at the eleventh he is in the house.

  • Hōra septima post merīdiem est.

    The seventh hour is after midday

  • Hōra sexta merīdiēs est.

    The sixth hour is midday.

  • Mēnsis duodecimus frīgidus est.

    The twelfth month is cold.

  • Hōrā sextā merīdiēs est, et post hōram septimam vesper venit.

    At the sixth hour it is midday and after the seventh hour evening comes

  • In monte altō glaciēs est, in campō autem lacus exiguus.

    On the high mountain there is ice, in the plain however a tiny lake.

  • In urbe multae viae sunt.

    In the city there are many streets

  • Hieme in lacū glaciēs est.

    In winter there is ice on the lake.

  • Faciēs puellae pulchra est.

    The girl's face is beautiful.

  • Tōta urbs pulchra est.

    The whole city is beautiful.

  • Hieme glaciēs in lacū est, sed aestāte aqua clāra est.

    In winter ice is in the lake but in summer the water is clear

  • Nunc hōra sexta est, merīdiēs igitur est ac lūx clārissima.

    Now it is the sixth hour, so it is midday and the light is brightest.

  • Mōns altissimus nivem habet.

    The highest mountain has snow

  • Mēnsis duodecimus annī postrēmus est.

    The twelfth month is the last of the year.

  • Nunc lūx clārissima est.

    Now the light is at its brightest.

  • Hieme diēs brevissimī sunt.

    In winter the days are the shortest.

  • Māne lūx clāra est, sed merīdiē sōl clārissimus est.

    In the morning the light is bright but at midday the sun is brightest

  • Annus trecentōs sexāgintā quīnque diēs habet, mēnsis autem trīgintā.

    The year has three hundred and sixty-five days, the month however thirty.

  • Mēnsis trīgintā diēs habet.

    The month has thirty days

  • Kalendae initium mēnsis sunt.

    The Kalends are the beginning of the month.

  • In urbe ducentī virī sunt.

    In the city there are two hundred men.

  • Annus trecentōs sexāgintā quīnque diēs habet.

    The year has three hundred and sixty-five days.

  • Trecentae fēminae et ducentī virī in urbe magnā habitant.

    Three hundred women and two hundred men live in a large city

  • Sōl terram illūstrat, ac diēs tunc incipit.

    The sun lights up the earth, and the day then begins.

  • Nix montēs altōs operit.

    The snow covers the high mountains

  • Sōl terram illūstrat.

    The sun lights up the earth.

  • Annus mēnse prīmō incipit.

    The year begins in the first month.

  • Hieme nix montēs operit.

    In winter the snow covers the mountains.

  • Vēre sōl urbem illūstrat, sed imber autumnō lacum operit.

    In spring the sun lights the city but in autumn rain covers the lake

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