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Capitulum XVII

Numerī difficilēs

  • School does sums: the master teaches, the pupil learns
  • The passive in all six persons: laudor, laudāris, laudātur…
  • The difficult numbers: sēdecim, duodēvīgintī, nōngentī
  • rēctē, prāvē, aequē — the adverb that comes out of the adjective
  • oportet: one must, and nobody is doing it
  • The as and the denarius, and two verbs with only a passive shape

60 words

Chapter notebook

Words seen

  • doceō to teach, to instruct
  • discō to learn
  • respōnsum answer, response
  • cōgitō to think, to reflect
  • computō to calculate, to reckon
  • dēmōnstrō to show, to point out
  • interpellō to interrupt
  • absēns absent, away
  • laudō to praise
  • reprehendō to blame, to censure
  • rēctē correctly, rightly
  • prāvē wrongly, badly
  • saepe often
  • numquam never
  • quārē why?
  • rēctus straight, correct
  • prāvus faulty, wrong
  • certus sure, certain
  • incertus uncertain, unsure
  • doctus learned, skilled
  • indoctus ignorant, unlearned
  • aequē equally
  • quisque each, each one
  • as as (copper coin)
  • dēnārius denarius (silver coin)
  • prōmō to take out, to bring out
  • repōnō to put back
  • tollō to raise, to take away
  • partior to share, to divide
  • largior to give generously
  • industrius industrious, hard-working
  • piger lazy, slow
  • largus generous, abundant
  • facilis easy
  • difficilis difficult, hard
  • sciō to know
  • nesciō to not know, to be ignorant of
  • prūdēns prudent, shrewd
  • trēdecim thirteen (XIII, 13)
  • quattuordecim fourteen (XIV, 14)
  • quīndecim fifteen (XV, 15)
  • sēdecim sixteen (XVI, 16)
  • septendecim seventeen (XVII, 17)
  • duodēvīgintī eighteen (XVIII, 18)
  • ūndēvīgintī nineteen (XIX, 19)
  • quadrāgintā forty (XL, 40)
  • quīnquāgintā fifty (L, 50)
  • septuāgintā seventy (LXX, 70)
  • quadringentī four hundred (CD, 400)
  • quīngentī five hundred (D, 500)
  • sescentī six hundred (DC, 600)
  • septingentī seven hundred (DCC, 700)
  • octingentī eight hundred (DCCC, 800)
  • nōngentī nine hundred (CM, 900)
  • centēsimus hundredth (100th)
  • tot so many
  • ūsque all the way, continuously
  • postrēmō finally, at last
  • quamquam although, though
  • oportet it is right, one should

Sentences seen

  • Magister discipulōs numerōs docet, et puerī computant.

    The master teaches the pupils numbers, and the boys calculate.

  • Discipulus prīmum cōgitat, deinde respondet.

    The pupil thinks first then he answers

  • Magister numerōs dēmōnstrat.

    The master shows the numbers.

  • Discipulī discunt et magister docet.

    The pupils learn and the master teaches.

  • Discipulus cōgitat et respondet.

    The pupil thinks and answers.

  • Hodiē discipulus absēns est.

    Today the pupil is absent.

  • Magister numerōs dēmōnstrat et discipulus respōnsum cōgitat.

    The master shows the numbers and the pupil thinks about the answer.

  • Titus saepe ā patre reprehenditur, sed Līvia rēctē respondet.

    Titus is often blamed by his father, but Livia answers correctly.

  • Quārē prāvē respondēs?

    Why do you answer wrongly?

  • Saepe laudāmur.

    We are often praised.

  • Magister Līviam numquam reprehendit.

    The master never blames Livia.

  • Reprehenderis, quia prāvē respondēs.

    You are blamed, because you answer wrongly.

  • Titus saepe rēctē respondet et numquam reprehenditur.

    Titus often answers correctly and is never blamed.

  • Titus rēctē respondet: respōnsum eius certum est.

    Titus answers correctly: his answer is sure.

  • Discipulus indoctus prāvē respondet.

    The ignorant pupil answers wrongly

  • Respōnsum tuum rēctum est.

    Your answer is correct.

  • Pater pecūniam aequē dīvidit.

    The father divides the money equally.

  • Magister doctus est discipulus indoctus est

    The master is learned, the pupil is ignorant.

  • Magister cuique suam partem dat.

    The master gives each his own share.

  • Quisque discipulus suum respōnsum rēctē dēmōnstrat.

    Each pupil correctly shows his own answer.

  • Titus assēs prōmit, computat, et in sacculō repōnit.

    Titus takes out the asses, reckons, and puts them back in the purse.

  • Pater puerīs nummōs largītur.

    The father generously gives coins to the boys

  • Puer manum tollit.

    The boy raises his hand.

  • Pater dēnāriōs partītur.

    The father shares the denarii.

  • Titus pecūniam in sacculō repōnit.

    Titus puts the money back in the purse.

  • Pater ē sacculō dēnāriōs prōmit et līberīs largītur.

    The father takes the denarii from the bag and gives them to the children.

  • Titus industrius est: multa scit. Līvia pigra nōn est.

    Titus is industrious: he knows many things. Livia is not lazy.

  • Numerī difficilēs sunt, sed magister facile computat.

    The numbers are difficult but the master reckons easily

  • Hoc pēnsum facile est.

    This exercise is easy.

  • Discipulus piger nihil scit.

    The lazy pupil knows nothing.

  • Magister largus est.

    The master is generous.

  • Magister discipulum prūdentem laudat.

    The master praises the shrewd pupil.

  • Discipulus prūdēns pēnsum difficile rēctē facit.

    The prudent pupil correctly does a difficult task.

  • In lūdō septendecim discipulī sunt: trēdecim puerī et quattuor puellae.

    In the school there are seventeen pupils: thirteen boys and four girls.

  • Duodēvīgintī et ūnus sunt ūndēvīgintī.

    Eighteen and one make nineteen

  • In lūdō sēdecim discipulī sunt.

    There are sixteen pupils in the school.

  • Ūndēvīgintī numerus difficilis est.

    Nineteen is a difficult number.

  • In lūdō trēdecim puerī computant et sēdecim discunt.

    At school thirteen children calculate and sixteen learn.

  • In hortō quadringentae rosae sunt, sed in vīllā quīnquāgintā sunt.

    In the garden there are four hundred roses, but in the house there are fifty.

  • In hortō quadringentae rosae sunt.

    In the garden there are four hundred roses

  • Magister quīnquāgintā dēnāriōs habet.

    The master has fifty denarii.

  • Sescentae ovēs in campō sunt.

    Six hundred sheep are in the field.

  • Quadrāgintā discipulī discunt.

    Forty pupils are learning.

  • In ūnō campō quadringentae ovēs sunt et in alterō sescentae.

    In one field there are four hundred sheep, and in the other six hundred.

  • Quamquam numerī difficilēs sunt, Titus ūsque ad centum computat.

    Although the numbers are difficult, Titus reckons all the way up to a hundred.

  • Postrēmō magister omnēs discipulōs laudat.

    Finally the master praises all the pupils

  • Prīmum cōgitāre oportet.

    One must think first.

  • Nōngentī mīlitēs in castrīs sunt.

    Nine hundred soldiers are in the camp.

  • Quamquam numerus difficilis est discipulus rēctē respondet

    Although the number is difficult, the pupil answers correctly.

  • Quamquam numerus difficilis est usque ad fīnem cōgitāre oportet.

    Although the number is difficult, one must think until the end.

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